COVID bell - A smart doorbell solution for prevention of COVID-19

The article introduces a novel strategy for efficiently mitigating COVID-19 distribution at the local level due to contact with any surfaces. Our project aims to be a critical safety shield for the general people in the fight against the epidemic. An ultrasonic sensor is integrated with the automated doorbell system to ring the doorbell with a hand motion. A temperature sensor Mlx90614 is also included in the system, which records the temperature of the person standing in front of the door. The device also includes a camera module that captures the image of the person standing at the front entrance. The captured image is processed through an ML model which runs at over 30 fps to detect whether or not the person is wearing a mask. The image and the temperature of the person standing outside are sent to the owner through the configured iOS application. If the person outside is wearing a mask, one can open the door through the app itself and permit the entry of the person standing outside thereby integrating the edge device with an app for a better user experience. The system helps in reducing physical contact, and the results obtained are at par with the already existing solutions and provide a few advantages over them. © 2023 the author(s), published by De Gruyter.

IoT enabled Covid Standard Operating Procedure system

COVID-19, is caused by the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through direct or indirect contact with infected people though respiratory droplets has transitioned from a pandemic to an endemic but is still regarded as active by WHO. Restrictions and lockdowns were lifted as the situation became endemic, but the previous measures had to be kept in place. By developing a module that includes temperature monitoring, face mask detection, a non-contact sanitizer dispenser, and door automation that operates based on the number of individuals inside a closed area in order to maintain social distance, our project aims to incorporate these precautions into our everyday language. As a part of making the new normal easily adaptable, we also introduce a webpagebased reservation system, which wm essentially display the current count and also help in reducing the waiting periods. © 2023 IEEE.

IOT based Temperature and Oxygen level monitoring and Data visualization

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit us in 2020 changed our lifestyle in every way. There was tremendous damage to people's lives. It is now predicted that other variants of Coronavirus are affecting people's health throughout the world. We must remain vigilant against upcoming dangers. The Indian health ministry has also advised people to take the necessary precautions. In this paper, we will focus on automating temperature and oxygen monitoring using the Internet of Things. According to our proposed model, data generated by the temperature sensor (MLX90614) and oxygen saturation sensor (MAX30102) will be stored in a relational database. Using this data, future data analyses can be conducted. We are also going to visualize the data by building an interactive dashboard using Power BI. Overall, health monitoring will become much more convenient and speedier. © 2023 IEEE.

Review on Design and Performance of the Medical Ventilators

Ventilators we are available with have several drawbacks such as difficult to port, expensive and meant to be operated by professionals which create hardness in fighting with medical care. Thus, it creates suffering for people in the pandemic like COVID19. So, it is required to develop a ventilator that can be affordable, easy to port and install. We aimed to design a IoT based ventilator system using various electronic devices such as microcontroller and sensors that could monitor patient's body status. People suffering from COVID19 or any lung disease find difficulty in breathing so in such condition of emergency this smart ventilator system can be used. Ambu bag is used to provide certain volume of air that is pressed by using motor mechanism. A portable low-cost ventilator with computerized controlling and feedback system is installed. Ventilator designed can be connected to an interface for smart functioning. This paper provides us with different methods to monitor the patient's health condition by measurement of pressure, level of breathing to know whether the condition is healthy or unhealthy. The designing and developing of low-cost portable ventilator deliver breaths to patients when Ambu bag is compressed by using a piston connected to servo motor whose speed can be varied. Input of the designed system is patient's heart beat and breathing rate and the volume of oxygen provided to patient's lung with required beathing rate is the output of the system. PID (proportional Integral Derivative) and Full state feedback H2 controllers are used for the performance analysis of the system. Result of this review paper is found that a low-cost ventilator is developed removing all the possible shortcomings of existing conventional ventilator. Ventilator designed is portable and smart by using Arduino, servo motor and ambu bag preferred for emergency uses and available for clinical application. © 2023 IEEE.

Implementation of Social Distancing Device

As the continued COVID-19 outbreak has brought about an international catastrophe with spreading. Due to the absence of powerful remedial sellers and the lack of immunizations in opposition to the virus, populace vulnerability increases. Therefore, social distancing is a concept to be a good enough precaution in opposition to the pandemic virus. As discussed, this paper present and discuss the ideology of how to provide automated social distancing by measuring the distance between the user and the opposite person and monitoring the temperature of the user, alarming them when social distancing is violated and also if the temperature is raised more than a normal body temperature by using a microcontroller named Arduino with ultrasonic sensor and PIR sensor as a detecting medium. To achieve this objective, we have developed a small wrist device that can help users to be safe in public places, crowded areas, etc., and also easier to wear and use as it is like a smartwatch. Detailed processes and work are shown in this paper. © 2022 IEEE.

IoT-Enhanced Smart Door Locking System with Security

Smart door locking systems have become more sophisticated as technology has advanced. Though an automatic password-based door lock system provides a more secure method of locking and unlocking the system, because of the ongoing COVID situation, it is extremely dangerous to touch the keypads, which are frequently used by different people. Hence, in this project, we use RFID tags and Arduino. The RFID card reader detects and validates the user's access. When the card is brought close to the reader, it recognizes the radio-frequency of the card and thus verifies its authenticity, key along with beeping sound, LCD display and LED blinking. We have also connected a sensor, which will be very useful during the nighttime for operating the door. In addition to this, face recognition technique and SMS alerting system can also be implemented in this project for enhanced security. This system is extremely valuable because of its low cost of construction, advanced capability, and simple interface. A fire alarm can be added to this system. We don't usually have fire alarms at home. Therefore, this device can serve as a lock and a fire alarm. Mainly, this project is designed and implemented to enhance security with ease of convenience. This system can be used in main doors, private rooms, and lockers in our home or even hotel rooms, banks, classrooms, use any other location as a secondary lock for added security. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Arduino based Anti-Face-Touching Device and prediction model

Due of the fast pace at which COVID-19 may spread through respiratory illness, the terrible condition it was in heightened public tension. The WHO's primary recommendations advised against often touching your face in order to avoid the transmission of viruses through your lips, eyes, and nose. According to research, the typical person was discovered to touch their face about 20 times each hour since it is everyone's unconscious behavior. In order to cope with this, the study suggests a hardware model that recognizes hand motions that are made in the direction of the user's face and alerts them to such movements using both aural and visual sensory feedback modalities. In order to create a model for the prediction of facial touch motions, the study analyses deep learning architectures in more detail. The FaceGuard device, which is a deep learning-based prediction model used to determine whether or not a hand movement would result in face contact, is compared to the accuracy of the suggested hardware model in the paper 'FaceGuard: A Wearable System To Avoid Face Touching1.' It alerts the user through vibrotactile, aural, and visual sensory modalities. After investigation, it was discovered that the hardware model had less accuracy than the deep learning model and required shorter time to respond to vibro tactile sensory data. © 2022 IEEE.

Teleconsultation and Human Parameter Monitoring system using Arduino UNO and NODE MCU

In this paper, we propose a model named Virtual Doctor- Teleconsultation and Parameter Monitoring System' which provides some usefulness of providing medication and helps in gauging the essential parameters (Heart rate, Temperature and SpO2) and UVC (Ultraviolet sort C) sterilization unit for the sensors. During the ongoing situation, diminishing the human-to-human contact in emergency clinics is required. In a bid, to keep specialists and clinical staff from getting impacted by Coronavirus, the job of medication conveying robots are being developed. We can attain the Locomotion procedure of the robot using telegram bot and live video streaming by ESP32-Camera. The working principle is that the Doctor or the Nurse can control the moment of entire model by observing surroundings using a camera and commanding through a mobile application. For this model, we are utilizing the essential microcontroller, that is to say, Arduino UNO. We were effective in taking readings with the assistance of a sensors and had the option to supply capacity to the UVC light in which it cleaned the articles inside the unit when it was uncovered for 2-3 minutes. Lastly, the robot had the option to move effectively with the assistance of Arduino and Wi-Fi arrangement. All the data will be successfully sent to the Doctor's smartphone using Telegram application and NodeMCufor internet connectivity. © 2022 IEEE.

IoT based Automatic Temperature Detection for Covid Prevention

Physicians and the government struggled considerably to limit the spread of COVID-19 during the pandemic, as there was no treatment or vaccinations available. The temperature detection system has only been used to monitor the temperature. This research work proposes an automated temperature detection system, if the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature (35 degree Celsius), the person will be allowedinside any public place;otherwise, the access will be refused, and then the buzzing system has been used to warn the authorities by producing an alarm sound, and then the area will be instantly sterilized. Thus, by sensing through the sensors, the proposed system assists in limiting the direct transmission of COVID-19 and the fast spreading condition during pandemic scenarios. © 2022 IEEE.

An Efficient Door Access System Controlled by Temperature using LabVIEW

During the current COVID-19 epidemic, everyone needs to take measures, which include wearing a mask, keeping their distance, washing their hands, and avoiding touching anything unless it is absolutely necessary. They typically have a key housing and a key saddle to open ordinary doors. The body temperature sensor-equipped automatic door control system is a prototype designed to stop the spread of COVID-19, which is disseminated through droplets attached to traditional doorknobs, by minimising direct physical contact. In this paper, a temperature controlled door access system using Lab view and arduino is is proposed. LM35 connected to arduino is used for sensing the temperature. The software simulation of the system is done in Lab view, which is then interfaced with Arduino Uno. Further, the system consist of a relay and an LED to indicate whether the door access is granted or not. If a person's body temperature is detected as a value within the normal body temperature range, then LED light appears and relay is activated. This results in opening of the door lock attached with the relay. If a person's body temperature is sensed as a value greater than the normal body temperature range, then LED remains OFF. The system is designed to be placed outside institutions and malls where a person is allowed inside only if his/her body temperature is normal. © 2022 IEEE.

An Efficient Pulse Detector with Arduino and IR Sensor

For patients to receive good care, doctors must be present. To administer medication or provide treatment, he can't be everywhere at once. If we regularly examine our health, we may be able to identify certain illnesses by spotting them early on. Because of coronary syndromes, many people have died. Doctors are unable to see patients in person until the condition is serious, especially during this period (the Corona virus phase). Because of this, a system to measure pulse rate has been devised in this work. Pulse detection is a straightforward but crucial aspect of keeping track of a patient's health. The hardware used in this research investigates the implementation of a pulse sensor utilising the Arduino development platform and an infrared sensor module created for the Arduino development board. © 2022 IEEE.

Design and Development of Cardiopulmonary Health Monitoring System using IoMT

In this work, an attempt has been made to develop an Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) based tracking system for cardiopulmonary disease affected patients. COVID-19 pandemic has caused a wide range of illness and organ failure to human beings around the world. Severe infection could alter the heart function and result in damage of the cardiac muscles. The disease could cause lung inflammation, pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome and sometimes resulting in death. To monitor the wellness of heart and lungs of patients recovering from COVID-19, an efficient wearable health tracking system is required. The proposed system consists of a sensor to monitor heart rate and Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) of an individual. The sensor data is sent to an Arduino UNO Microcontroller. The normal range of heart rate and oxygen saturation are set as threshold in the control unit. If the heart rate and SpO2 levels are above or below the threshold, the control module will send an alert to the nearby nursing station and provide treatment to the patient. The patient data is continuously recorded and stored in the hospital's cloud as electronic health record. The prototype was tested in individuals in relaxed state and after performing tasks such as stair climbing. Results indicate that the proposed system could accurately track the status of the heart function along with oxygen saturation levels. Hence, this could be used as a cardiopulmonary health tracking device thereby assisting the clinicians in providing appropriate critical care services to the infected patients. © 2022 IEEE.

Design and Implementation of IoT-Based System for Tracking and Monitoring of Suspected COVID-19 Patient

Coronavirus is the most challenging threat today in our society. This virus has caused a huge number of deaths worldwide. Experts are still searching for an effective and long-term vaccine. In the present scenario, people are relying on wearing mask, self-quarantine, social-distancing and sanitizing hands for defending this infectious coronavirus. The health-care units, academicians, researchers and governments as well as business houses are trying their level best to prevent the spread of this disease. In this paper, design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart and cost-effective system for tracking and monitoring of COVID-19 suspected patients have been introduced. Proposed system has significant social impact as it can be used to reduce the chances of community transmission of this deadly virus. Proposed reusable cost-effective system can help the hospital and local authority to monitor and track the movement of quarantined people. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Intelligent Modular Camera Rig for Classroom Lecture Video Recording System with Automatic Lighting Adjustment

In today's scheme where COVID-19 is the biggest problem faced by the entire world in which it almost forced all schools to suspend and obliged the students to stay at home for their safety., a video recorded lecture is one of the best solutions and ways to help students in their studies. The researchers were intended to improve distance learning as well as its effectiveness to deliver a high-quality video by developing an intelligent system that can be beneficial for both users and viewers. The usage of Arduino Uno served as the brain that controls everything, which makes the system a one-person operation. Given the scenarios of having different values of lux in a room caused by multiple kinds of events, achieving the preferred luminance will be difficult. Nevertheless, our prototype will automatically produce and attain the necessary amount of lighting needed using the LDR sensor along with the code in Arduino. The movement of the platform where the camera is placed follows wherever the user goes in front of the rig as much as the face is recognized. It was then tested using different calibrations by testing and simulating different situations where there are different variables included, such as camera movement and light. The data will be examined using ANOVA test. © 2022 IEEE.

Implementation of Arduino-Based Body Temperature and Olfactory Detector Automatic Door

The serious problem faced by the world now is the pandemic caused by Covid-19. Currently, body temperature and olfactory screening are still important, especially for safety in closed rooms. This study aims to design and build a simple prototype of an automatic door integrated with contactless temperature and olfactory detection devices. This device consists of an MLX 90614 sensor as a temperature detector, an IR FC-51 sensor as a fragrance object detector, an Arduino UNO as a processor, and an LED display that displays instructions and screening results. The door automatically opens if the temperature and smell are normal and vice versa. The implementation results of this prototype provide the best detection distance of up to 2.5 centimeters with 5% error. While the FC-51 sensor is able to detect up to a distance of 5 centimeters. The performance of the MLX 90614 sensor in detecting temperatures is not significantly different from the detection results of the GXGOI thermogun, which is only around 0.17 degrees Celsius. In general, the entire device part works as expected with 100% accuracy. This simple prototype is expected to inspire screening techniques to prevent the spread of Covid19 in closed rooms. © 2022 IEEE.

Implementation of Security System Using Computer Vision and Temperature Detection

For corporate and private groups, providing security and secure access to workplaces has long been a top priority. From keypads to fingerprint sensors, there have been advancements in the way security is delivered over the years. Even these, though, have their flaws and weaknesses. Computer Vision is a more powerful and modern technique which can be integrated into a security system for the purpose of increasing the overall level of security. This project aims to create a security system that utilizes this software as well as a temperature sensing module to enable secure, monitored and contact-less, access. The facial authentication is achieved with a help of a webcam connected to the system and a python program on which this is executed, after which the main control is transferred to the Arduino UNO Microcontroller board which tests the two incoming inputs and provides access based on its decision. A training model is employed which studies the given images of the users and detects them when entry is requested. © 2022 IEEE.

Design and implementation of a Social Distance Vest for Covid19 prevention (SODIV-COP)

According to research, it is discovered that amongst the Covid19 preventive measures, social distance is easily neglected especially in a public setting such as markets, trading centers, social and political gatherings. Furthermore, according to World Health Organization (WHO), not observing social distance is one the major ways that the corona virus is being transmitted. Hence, working on a vest that can help to remind individuals and alert them in cases where they are not observing social distance. The Social Distance Vest for Covid19 Prevention, is based on Arduino Uno microcontroller board, D6T-44L-06 thermal sensor which detects the presence of a person, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor that calculates the distance from where the person is standing and an alert/warning system that is composed of a Light Emitting Diode and a buzzer. Finally, the whole system is mounted on a reflective vest. The prototype vest works perfectly, in that it is able to detect a person which was not possible in the previous covid 19 distance vests which had only messages, and it is able to calculate the distance from where humans are standing and finally, triggers an alarm in a case where the person is standing at a distance of less than 1 m. The varying temperature ranges were in an array form and from 35 to 38° Celsius it detected the obstacle to be a human and had some ranges of distance 0.334 m measured by the ultrasonic sensor. Key applications of the prototypes are in crowded places like stadiums hospitals and schools. © 2022 The Authors

Face Mask Detection System for Smart Door

The World Health Organization declared a new Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) to be a hazardous virus that might easily spread among humans after a rapid outbreak. When it comes to precautions, it's a must to wear a face mask when going outside and meeting new people. Few people, on the other hand, refuse to wear or improperly wear a face mask for a variety of reasons. In this instance, establishing a face mask detector is critical. Using advanced deep learning techniques in particular Mnet and Res-Net, a smart door with an embedded camera is developed that will open if the person in front of the camera is wearing his or her mask appropriately. Using this notion, a variety of Organizations and Institutions might keep track of those who are not wearing their masks or are wearing them wrongly and alert the administration, allowing them to take appropriate action. During the COVID-19 epidemic, when the government has mandated the use of face masks, this approach will be extremely beneficial. © 2022 IEEE.

Blood pressure measurement system visualized through a mobile application

COVID19 proved a devastating threat to human society in terms of health, economy, and lifestyle. It quickly spread around the world and caused many governments to close their borders and declare a general quarantine at the national level sending everyone home, with this they changed the lifestyle of many people because they lost the mobility of moving from one place to another. This has led to people somehow losing physical activity and the fear of moving on public roads. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), physical inactivity is the fourth risk factor for global mortality since it generates 3.2 million deaths annually, this is worrying since people do not perform any physical activity. In view of this problem, in this article a blood pressure measurement system was made visualized through a mobile application, in such a way that it can help to observe if they have a stable or high blood pressure, with this, it will be possible to diagnose if a person can present hypertension and prevent them from suffering from any cardiovascular disease. Through the design of the blood pressure measurement system, it was possible to observe that the operation was done correctly, the sensor makes the corresponding measurements and classifies it according to the measurement made, all this is visualized through a mobile application, showing if the person presents a normal or elevated pressure. © 2022 IEEE.

Automatic vascular detection system for the part of the forearm of patients

Currently the health system continues to fight against the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV2 because this virus has not yet disappeared and there are still outbreaks of infections in several places, this generated in people an indecision of what it can generate later since this virus generated a change in the world. Being a contagious and fast-spreading virus, WHO called on all governments to take appropriate measures to stop the spread of COVID-19 as there were many infected. Given this, there are people who need the care of a doctor because they suffer from a disease and that this implies the extraction of blood for a deep analysis or to place an intravenous injection in the patient's forearm, but in many cases the distribution of the veins can not be visualized and this hinders the work of the doctor. In view of this problem, in this article an automatic vascular detection system was carried out for the part of the forearm of patients and to be able to visualize the subcutaneous vein so that the doctor has access quickly and help the patient in an emergency. Through the development of the system, it was observed that it works in the best way, since in its development a 97.69% efficiency was obtained by showing the binary image where the distribution of the veins is observed taking 8.74 seconds, being an accepted value so that it can be implemented in several medical centers. © 2022 IEEE.